Una sociedad persianizada, persianada[cita requerida] o apersianizada es una sociedad que está basada o fuertemente influenciada por el idioma, cultura, literatura, arte y/o identidad persas.[1] : 6
Proviene de "Persianate" y se atribuye al historiador Marshall Hodgson,[2] quien, en su libro de 1974, The Venture of Islam: The expansion of Islam in the Middle Periods (La aventura del Islam: la expansión del Islam en los períodos medios), lo definió así:
"El ascenso del persa tuvo consecuencias más que puramente literarias: sirvió para llevar una nueva orientación cultural general dentro del mundo islámico.... La mayoría de los idiomas más locales de alta cultura que surgieron después entre los musulmanes… dependieron total o parcialmente del persa respecto a su principal inspiración literaria. Podemos llamar a todas estas tradiciones culturales, transmitidas en persa o reflejando la inspiración persa, 'persianizada' por extensión."[3] : 293–94 [notes 1]
El término designa a las etnias persas, pero también a sociedades que pueden no haber sido étnicamente persas, pero cuyas actividades culturales lingüísticas, materiales o artísticas fueron influenciadas o se basaron en la cultura persa. Ejemplos de sociedades "persianizada" previas al siglo XIX fueron las dinastías selyúcida,[4][5][6] timúrida,[7][8] mogol[9][10] y otomana.[11][12][13][14]
↑Lawrence, Bruce B. (2009). «Islam in Afro-Eurasia: A Bridge Civilization». En Peter J. Katzenstein, ed. Civilizations in World Politics: Plural and Pluralist Perspectives. Routledge. pp. 157-175. ISBN978-0-203-87248-2. «Persianate is a new term, first coined by Marshall Hodgson to offer a different explanation of Islam in the world system than that extrapolated from Wallerstein. While Persianate depicts a cultural force that is linked to Persian language and to self-identifying Persians, Persianate is more than either a language or a people; it highlights elements that Persians share with Indo-Aryan rulers who preceded Muslims to the subcontinent. Two elements are paramount: hierarchy ... (and) deference».
↑Hodgson, Marshall G. S. (1974). The Venture of Islam. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
↑«Alp Arslān». Encyclopaedia Iranica (online edición). «Saljuq activity must always be viewed both in terms of the wishes of the sultan and his Khorasanian, Sunni advisors, especially Nezām-al-molk ...»
↑«Seljuq». Encyclopædia Britannica (online edición). «Because the Turkish Seljuqs had no Islamic tradition or strong literary heritage of their own, they adopted the cultural language of their Persian instructors in Islam. Literary Persian thus spread to the whole of Iran, and the Arabic language disappeared in that country except in works of religious scholarship».
↑David J. Roxburgh. The Persian Album, 1400–1600: From Dispersal to Collection. Yale University Press, 2005. pg 130: "Persian literature, especially poetry, occupied a central role in the process of assimilation of Timurid elite to the Perso-Islamicate courtly culture, and so it is not surprising to find Baysanghur commissioned a new edition of Firdawsi's Shanameh"
↑«Zaher ud-Din Babor – Founder of Mughal empire». Encyclopaedia Iranica (Online edición). New York City: Columbia University Center for Iranian (Persian) Studies. pp. 320-323. Archivado desde el original el 20 de febrero de 2009. Consultado el 7 de noviembre de 2006. «His origin, milieu, training, and culture were steeped in Persian culture and so Babor was largely responsible for the fostering of this culture by his descendants, the Mughals of India, and for the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and historiographical results».
↑«Persian in service of the state: the role of Persophone historical writing in the development of an Ottoman imperial aesthetic», Studies on Persianate Societies2, 2004, pp. 145-63.
↑«Historiography. xi. Persian Historiography in the Ottoman Empire». Encyclopaedia Iranica. 12, fasc. 4. 2004. pp. 403-11.